SS Edmund Fitzgerald: 50 Years Later – The Mighty Fitz’s Final Voyage on Lake Superior
SS Edmund Fitzgerald sank 50 years ago today on Lake Superior.
History of the SS Edmund Fitzgerald
Built by Great Lakes Engineering Works in River Rouge, Michigan, the SS Edmund Fitzgerald was the largest ship on the Great Lakes at launch. Owned by Northwestern Mutual Life Insurance and operated by Columbia Transportation, it set records for cargo hauls, transporting up to 26,000 tons of taconite pellets. Named after the president of the insurance company, the "Fitz" symbolized American industrial might during the post-war boom.
For 17 years, the freighter made routine voyages from Superior, Wisconsin, to ports like Detroit and Toledo. Its final trip began on November 9, 1975, loaded with 26,116 tons of ore bound for Zug Island.
The Tragic Sinking on Lake Superior
On November 10, 1975, the SS Edmund Fitzgerald encountered a fierce storm on Lake Superior with winds over 60 knots and waves up to 35 feet. Captain Ernest McSorley reported issues but maintained contact until his last message: "We are holding our own."
The U.S. Coast Guard investigation cited massive waves, possible structural failure, and hatchway flooding as causes. Theories include topside damage from rogue waves or grounding on Six Fathom Shoal.

SS Edmund Fitzgerald, Image by VÉHICULE
Legacy and Cultural Impact
The Edmund Fitzgerald wreck lies in two pieces at 530 feet deep, discovered days later by sonar. It's a protected site under Michigan law, with the ship's bell recovered in 1995 as a memorial at the Great Lakes Shipwreck Museum in Paradise, Michigan.
Gordon Lightfoot's 1976 hit "The Wreck of the Edmund Fitzgerald" immortalized the tragedy, topping charts and introducing the story to millions. Annual memorials on November 10 honor the crew, including the bell-ringing ceremony.
Visiting the Edmund Fitzgerald Memorial
Explore the mystery at the Great Lakes Shipwreck Museum, featuring artifacts like the lifeboat and captain's chair. Dive tours (for experts) offer underwater views of the SS Edmund Fitzgerald wreck site.